SELECT 
  category_id, 
  parent_id 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
WHERE 
  parent_id IN(374)

Query time 0.00020

Explain
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE cscart_categories ref parent parent 3 const 7

Result

category_id parent_id
375 374
382 374
376 374
377 374
378 374
379 374
380 374
381 374